原文：
           1 阀的安装 1.1 安装前的准备 (1) 球阀前后管线已准备好。前后管道应同轴，两法兰密封面应平行。管道应能承受球阀的重量，否则管道上必须配有适当的支撑。 (2) 把阀前后管线吹扫干净，清除掉管道内的油污、焊渣和一切其它杂质。 (3) 核对球阀的标志，查明球阀完好无损。将阀全开全闭数次证实其工作正常。 (4) 拆去球阀两端连接法兰上的保护件。 (5) 检查阀孔清除可能有的污物，然后清洗阀孔。阀座与球之间即使仅有微小颗粒的异物也可能会损伤阀座密封面。 1.2 安装 (1) 把阀装上管线。阀的任何一端都可装在上游端。用手柄驱动的阀可安装在管道上的任意位置。但带有齿轮箱或气动驱动器的球阀应直立安装，即安装在水平管道上，且驱动装置处于管道上方。 (2) 阀法兰与管线法兰间按管路设计要求装上密封垫。 (3) 法兰上的螺栓需对称、逐次、均匀拧紧。 (4) 连接气动管线（采用气动驱动器时）。 1.3 安装后的检查 (1) 操作驱动器启、闭球阀数次，应灵活无滞涩，证实其工作正常。 (2) 按管路设计要求对管道与球阀间的法兰结合面进行密封性能检查。

          2 阀的维修

        2.1 通则 (1) 必须先查明球阀上、下游管道确已卸除压力后，才能进行拆卸分解操作。 (2) 分解及再装配时必须小心防止损伤零件的密封面，特别是非金属零件，取出O 型圈时宜使用专用工具。 (3) 装配时法兰上的螺栓必须对称、逐步、消防阀门 均匀地拧紧。 (4) 清洗剂应与球阀中的橡胶件、塑料件、金属件及工作介质（例如燃气）等均相容。工作介质为燃气时，可用汽油(GB484-89)清洗金属零件。非金属零件用纯净水或酒精清洗。 (5) 分解下来的单个零件可以用浸洗方式清洗。尚留有未分解下来的非金属件的金属件可采用干净的细洁的浸渍有清洗剂的绸布（为避免纤维脱落粘附在零件上）擦洗。清洗时须去除一切粘附在壁面上的油脂、污垢、积胶、灰尘等。 (6) 非金属零件清洗后应立即从清洗剂中取出，不得长时间浸泡。 (7) 清洗后需待被洗壁面清洗剂挥发后（可用未浸清洗剂的绸布擦）进行装配，但不得长时间搁置，否则会生锈、被灰尘污染。 (8) 新零件在装配前也需清洗干净。 (9) 使用润滑脂润滑。润滑脂应与球阀金属材料、橡胶件、塑料件及工作介质均相容。工作介质为燃气时，可用例如特221 润滑脂。在密封件安装槽的表面上涂一薄层润滑脂，在橡胶密封件上涂一薄层润滑脂，阀杆的密封面及摩擦面上涂一薄层润滑脂。 (10) 装配时应不允许有金属碎屑、纤维、油脂（规定使用的除外）灰尘及其它杂质、异物等污染、粘附或停留在零件表面上或进入内腔。

         2.2 在线维修 阀杆填料40 或45，O 型密封圈56、112 以及外部零件等的更换可在管线上进行而不需将阀从管线上拆下。分解顺序按不同驱动装置 分述如下：

 2.2.1 带手柄的球阀──填料45 的更换 (1) 关闭球阀上、下游的截断阀。放气卸除球阀前后管道中的压力。 (2) 使球阀处于全闭状态。 (3) 拧掉螺母52，拆下垫圈75、扳手头74 及手柄47。 (4) 拧掉螺母48，拆下弹簧垫圈49、阀杆限位器66 和填料压盖50。 (5) 取出填料45。 (6) 检查拆下的零件，如有损伤予以修复或更换，将各零件清洗干净。 (7) 擦洗并润滑填料函密封面。 (8) 装入新填料45。 (9) 按分解的逆顺序依次装上填料压盖50、阀杆限位器66、弹簧垫圈49，用螺母48 固紧上述零件。 (10) 再装上扳手头74 及手柄47，装上垫圈75，用螺母52 固紧。 (11) 操作手柄检查球阀的开启关闭灵活性。 (12) 气密性试验。

 2.2.2 带齿轮箱的球阀──填料45 的更换 (1) 关闭球阀上、下游的截断阀。放气卸除球阀前后管路中的压力。 (2) 使球阀处于全闭状态。 (3) 拧掉螺钉10，拆下齿轮箱。 (4) 拧掉螺钉15，拆下驱动器法兰34。 (5) 拧掉螺母48，拆下弹簧垫圈49 及填料压盖50，取出填料45。 (6) 检查拆下的零件，如有损伤，予以修复或更换，将各零件清洗干净。 (7) 清洗并润滑填料函密封面。 (8) 装入新填料45。 (9) 按分解的逆顺序依次装上填料压盖50、弹簧垫圈49，用螺母48 固紧上述零件。再装上驱动器法兰34 用螺钉15 固紧。 (10) 装上齿轮箱，用螺钉10 固紧。 (11) 操作齿轮箱检查球阀的启闭灵活性。 (12) 气密性试验。

 2.2.3 带气动驱动器的球阀──填料40 及O 型圈56、112 的更换 (1) 关闭球阀上、下游的截断阀。放气卸除球阀前后管路中的压力。 (2) 使球阀处于全闭状态。拆除气动管线。 (3) 拧掉螺钉35 将驱动器及驱动器法兰一起拆下。 (4) 取下阀杆上的键11，拧掉螺钉15，拆下填料压盖33，取出填料40。 (5) 从填料压盖中取出O 型圈56 及112。 (6) 检查拆下的零件，如有损伤予以修复或更换，将各零件清洗干净。 (7) 清洗并润滑填料函密封面及O 型圈安装槽。 (8) 装入新填料40，装入新O 型圈56 及112。 (9) 装上填料压盖33，用螺钉15 固紧，装上键11。 (10) 将驱动器法兰及驱动器一起装上，用螺钉35 固紧。 (11) 接上气动管线，操作驱动器检查阀的开启关闭灵活性。 (12) 气密性试验。

         2.3 线下维修──阀座2 的更换，低温阀门 O 型圈6、密封垫片39 的更换。 阀座、球、阀杆、阀内部各密封件的更换及修理需预先将球阀从管线上拆下才能进行。

 2.3.1 两件对分式球阀 (1) 关闭球阀上、下游的截断阀，放气卸除球阀前后管路中的压力。 (2) 关闭球阀，使处于全闭状态。如是气动装置驱动的，拆除气动管线。 (3) 将阀从管线上拆下，翻转放置使阀体接体26 向上。 (4) 拧掉螺母8，拆下阀体接体26。 (5) 拆下阀座2 及O 型圈63。 (6) 从阀体接体26 上拆下O 型圈6 及密封垫片39。 (7) 取出球3。 (8) 拆下另一端的阀座2 及O 型圈63。 (9) 检查阀体(1)，球3 及阀体接体26，如有损伤予以修复，将零件清洗干净。 (10) 润滑阀座安装面及各密封安装槽。 (11) 将新的O 型圈6，密封垫片39 装入阀体接体的安装槽中。 (12) 预先将O 型圈63 装入阀座2 中，将阀座2 装入阀体1 及阀体接体26 中。 (13) 将球3 装入阀体1 中，必须使阀杆4 配入球上的槽中。 (14) 将阀体接体26 装上阀体1，用螺母8 固紧。 (15) 装上气动管线（气动驱动器驱动的球阀），操作驱动装置检查阀的启闭灵活性。 (16) 气密性试验。 (17) 装上管线，按管线要求进行气密性试验。

       2.3.2 三件式球阀 (1) 关闭球阀上、下游的截断阀，放气卸除球阀前后管路中的压力。 (2) 关闭球阀使处于全闭状态。 (3) 将阀从管线上拆下，翻转放置使一端的阀体接体26 向上。 (4) 拧掉螺母8，拆下阀体接体26。 (5) 拆下阀座2、弹簧20、O 型圈17。 (6) 从阀体接体26 上拆下O 型圈6 及密封垫片39。 (7) 取出球3。 (8) 翻转使另一端阀体接体26 向上，按(4)～(6)顺序将另一端的各零件拆下。 (9) 检查阀体1、球3、阀体接体26，如有损伤予以修复。将零件清洗干净。 (10) 润滑阀座安装面及各密封安装槽，将新的O 型圈6、密封垫片39 装入阀体接体26 的安装槽中。 (11) 将新O 型圈17 装入新阀座2 中，将弹簧20 放在相关位置上。 (12) 先将球3 装入阀体1 中，必须使阀杆4 配入球3 的槽中。 将阀杆4 旋转90º将阀开启。将阀座2 套在球上，然后将阀体接体26套到螺柱7 上，并使阀体接体26 插入阀体1，而阀座2 恰好插入阀体接体26 中。 (13) 用(12)的方法装入另一端的阀座2 及阀体接体26。 (14) 拧紧螺母8。 (15) 操作驱动装置检查阀的启闭灵活性。 (16) 气密性试验。 (17) 装上管线，陶瓷阀门按管线要求进行气密性试验。

          2.4 线下维修──球阀的全面分解，O 型圈21 及止推垫片31 的更换。 (1) 按2.3 节拆下球阀进行分解。 (2) 按2.2 节进行分解。 (3) 拆下阀杆4，取出止推垫片31 及O 型圈21。 (4) 检查各零件，如有损伤予以修复，将各零件清洗干净。 (5) 润滑各密封面，阀杆上涂一薄层润滑脂。 (6) 装上新的O 型圈21 及止推垫片31，装上阀杆。 (7) 按2.2 节进行装配。 (8) 按2.3 节进行装配。 (9) 操作驱动装置检查阀的启闭灵活性。 (10) 气密性试验。 (11) 装上管线，按管线要求进行气密性试验。

          2.5 气密性试验

   2.5.1 对拆下的球阀进行的气密性试验。 (1) 将阀处于半开状态。将球两端部用带管接头的法兰盖密封。 (2) 向一端引入试验介质，试验介质为清洁的氮气或空气。另一端管接头堵住。逐渐增压至5.6bar 后关闭进气阀停止进气。 (3) 将球转动几次后将球阀关闭（操作驱动装置） (4) 打开另一端（非引入试验气体端）船用阀门的管接头堵头使该腔压力降为大气压。 (5) 在试验压力(5.6bar)下，大于5min 的时间内，进气腔的压力不得下降。所用压力表应为0.4 级，量程10bar。 (6) 同时用肥皂水检查各连接法兰部位及填料部位的对外泄漏，不得有不断增大的气泡出现。 (7) 然后从另一端引入试验介质，重复上述试验。 (8) 试验合格后用压缩空气吹净肥皂水残余。拆除两端法兰盖，清除球阀两端部密封面上密封残余，如有残余进入阀孔内，应予清除并擦洗干净。

     2.5.2 在线密封试验 (1) 查明被试球阀上、下游的截断阀已关闭。 (2) 使被试球阀处于半开启状态。 (3) 向被试球阀前管道引入试验介质，钛、镍、锆、蒙乃尔及合金阀门试验介质为清洁的氮气逐渐增压至5.6bar 后关闭进气阀停止进气。 (4) 将球转动几次后将球阀关闭（操作驱动装置）。 (5) 打开被试球阀下游管道上的放气阀使球阀出口腔压力为大气压。 (6) 在试验压力下(5.6bar)，大于15min 的时间内进气腔压力不得下降，所用压力表应为0.4 级，量程10bar。 (7) 同时用肥皂水检查各连接法兰部位及填料部位的对外泄漏，不得有不断增大的气泡出现。 (8) 然后向被试球阀后管道引入试验介质，重复上述试验。 (9) 试验合格后用压缩空气吹净肥皂水残余。

“ Ball valve installation and maintenance manual ”是由中国球阀网提供的阀门行业新闻，译文仅供参考。另外，中国球阀网还提供相关产品搜索： 保温球阀、 一片式球阀(一体式/一件式)、 二片式球阀(二件式)、 三片式球阀(三件式)、 V型球阀、 固定球阀 等。

译文：
            1 of the valve 1.1 Preparation before installation (1) ball around the pipeline is ready. Before and after the pipeline should be coaxial, the two should be parallel to the flange sealing surface. Pipeline should be able to withstand the weight of ball valves, or piping must be equipped with appropriate support. (2) the purge valve before and after the pipe clean, clear out the oil pipeline, welding slag, and all other impurities. (3) check valve symbol, identifying ball intact. Fully open the valve fully closed several times confirmed its working properly. (4) remove the valve connecting flange on both ends to protect items. (5) Check the valve clearance hole may have dirt, then wash valve hole. Between the seat and the ball even if only small particles of foreign matter may damage the valve seat sealing surface. 1.2 Installation (1) the valve is fitted on the pipeline. Any valve can be installed in the upstream end. Valve with the handle drive can be installed anywhere in the pipeline. But with a gear box or pneumatic valve driver installation should be upright, that is installed in horizontal pipe, and drive in a pipe at the top. (2) valve between the flange and pipe flange design by piping installed gasket. (3) be symmetrical flange on the bolt, successive, evenly tightened. (4) to connect pneumatic linesSafety valves (pneumatic drive). 1.3 Post-installation check (1) Operating drive Kai, closed ball several times, should be flexible without Zhise confirmed its working properly. (2) design requirements by pipeline between the pipe and valve sealing Flange for inspection. 2 valve repair 2.1 General (1) must first identify the ball, the downstream channel does have removable pressure before attempting to disassemble the operation. (2) to decompose and be careful when re-assembling parts of the sealing surface to prevent injury, especially non-metallic parts, remove the O-ring when the appropriate use of special tools. (3) when the flange on the bolt assembly to be symmetrical, gradually, evenly tighten. (4) cleaning agents should be in the rubber ball, plastic parts, metal parts and the working medium (eg gas) are thus compatible. Working medium for the gas, the available gas (GB484-89) cleaning metal parts. Non-metal parts cleaning with pure water or alcohol. (5) decomposition down the individual parts can be cleaned using immersion method. Not yet left down decomposition of non-metallic parts can be used to clean small metal parts cleaning of silk impregnated with cleaning agents (fiber loss in order to avoid adhesion of the parts above) scrub. When cleaning is necessary to remove all the adhesive on the wall of grease, dirt, rubber product, dust and so on. (6) non-metallic parts should be cleaned immediately removed from the cleaning agent, not a long soak. (7) need to be cleaned by washing the wall after volatile cleaning agent (cleaning agent can not dip silk rub) for assembly, but not a long time on hold, otherwise it will rust, the dust pollution. (8) before fitting the new parts also need clean water. (9) the use of grease lubrication. Grease ball should be metal, rubber, plastic components and are compatible with the working medium. Working medium for the gas, the 221 can be used such as special grease. Seals installed in the groove on the surface of a thin layer of grease coated, coated in rubber seal on a thin layer of grease, valve stem Balance valves sealing surface and the friction surface coating a thin layer of grease. (10) assembly should be allowed to have metal fragments, fiber, fat (except for the requirement to use) dust and other impurities, foreign matter contamination, adhesion, or remain in the part surface, or into the lumen. 2.2 On-line maintenance Stem packing 40 or 45, O-ring 56,112 and external spare parts replacement can be carried out in the pipeline without removing the valve from the pipeline. Decomposition sequence according to different drive Are as follows: 2.2.1 handle the ball with 45 filler replacement ─ ─ (1) Close the valve on the downstream block valve. Removable deflation valve before and after the pipeline pressure. (2) to enable the ball in the fully closed state. (3) undoing the nut 52, removing the washer 75, wrench head 74 and handle 47. (4) by undoing the nut 48 and remove the spring washer 49, the stem stopper 66 and packing gland 50. (5) Remove the packing 45. (6) Check the removed parts, to repair or replace, if damaged, will clean all parts. (7) cleaned and lubricated stuffing box sealing surface. (8) into the new packing 45. (9) by decomposing the inverse order of loaded packing gland 50, the stem stopper 66, spring washer 49, nut 48Gauge Valves fixed tight with the parts. (10) and then loaded on wrench head 74 and handle 47, mounted on the washer 75, nut 52 with solid tight. (11) operating handle check valve in the open and close flexibility. (12) The air tightness test. 2.2.2 The ball valve with gear box replacement ─ ─ packing 45 (1) Close the valve on the downstream block valve. Removable deflation valve in the pressure around the pipe. (2) to enable the ball in the fully closed state. (3) undoing the screws 10, remove the gear box. (4) undoing the screws 15, remove the drive flange 34. (5) by undoing the nut 48 and remove the spring washer 49 and packing gland 50, remove the packing 45. (6) Check the removed parts, if damaged, to repair or replace, to all parts in clean water. (7) cleaning and lubrication of gland sealing surface. (8) into the new packing 45. (9) by decomposing the inverse order of loaded packing gland 50, spring washer 49, nut 48 fixed tight with the parts. Then fitted with a screw drive flange 34 of 15 solid tight. (10) mounted on the gear box, solid tight with screws 10. (11) check valve operation of opening and closing gear flexibility. (12) The air tightness test. 2.2.3 The ball valve with pneumatic drive ─ ─ filler 40 and the replacement of O-ring 56,112 (1) Close the valve on the downstream block valve. Removable deflation valve before and after the pipe pressure. (2) to enable the ball in the fully closed state. Removal of pneumatic pipeline. (3) undoing the screws 35, the drive and remove the drive flange together. (4) Remove the valve stem of the key 11, undoing the screws 15, remove the packing gland 33, remove the packing 40. (5) removed from the packing gland 56 and 112 O-ring. (6) Check the removed parts, to repair or replace, if damaged, will clean all parts. (7) cleaning and lubrication of gland sealing surface and O-ring installation groove. (8) into the new filler 40, into the new O-rings 56 and 112. (9) fitted with packing gland 33, 15 solid with the screw tight, fitted with key 11. (10) drive flange and drive them all together, and with 35 solid screws tight. (11) connected to the pneumatic pipeline, the operation check valve drive flexibility to open and close. (12) The air tightness test. 2.3 line maintenance ─ ─ replacement seat 2, O-ring 6, 39 gasket replacement. Valve seat, ball, stem, internal valve seal replacement and repair needs in advance, remove the valve from the pipeline to proceed. 2.3.1 two pairs of fractional ball (1) Close the valve on the downstream cut-off valve, removable valve deflated the pressure around the pipe. (2) Close ball valve, so in a fully closed state. The case of pneumatic device drivers, and removal of pneumatic pipeline. (3), remove the valve from the pipeline, turning body 26 placed to pick up body. (4) by undoing the nut 8, then remove the valve body 26. (5) Remove the valve seat 2 and O-ring 63. (6) connected from the valve body, remove the O-ring 26 and sealing gasket 39 6. (7) Remove the ball 3. (8) Remove the other side of the seat 2 and O-ring 63. (9) check valve (1), then the ball valve body 3 and 26, to repair any damage, clean the parts. (10) installation of lubrication and the valve seat seal installation groove. (11) to the new O-ring 6, sealing gasket 39 into valve body then install slot. (12) O-ring 63 will advance into the valve seat 2, the valve seat body 2 into 1 and 26 in the valve body then. (13) ball valve 3 into 1, the goal must be to make the stem with the slot 4. (14) to valve body 26 mounted on the body then 1, 8 solid tight with nuts. (15) fitted with air pipes (pneumatic drive-driven ball valve), the operation check valve opening and closing drive flexibility. (16) The air tightness test. (17) mounted on the pipeline by pipeline leak test requirements. 2.3.2 three-piece ball valve (1) Close the valve on the downstream cut-off valve, removable valve deflated the pressure around the pipe. (2) Close ball valve so that in a fully closed state. (3), remove the valve from the pipeline, turning one end of the body take place so that body 26 upward. (4) by undoing the nut 8, then remove the valve body 26. (5) Remove the valve seat 2, spring 20, O-ring 17. (6) connected from the valve body, remove the O-ring 26 and sealing gasket 39 6. (7) Remove the ball 3. (8), then flip to other side of the valve body 26 upward, according to (4) ~ (6) in order to remove the other end of each part. (9) check valve 1, ball 3, valve body 26, then, to repair any damage. The parts in clean water. (10) installation of lubrication and the valve seat seal installation groove, the new O-ring 6, sealing gasket 39 into valve body 26, then the installation of slot. (11) to the new O-ring 17 into the new seat 2, the spring 20 on the relevant position. (12) the first ball valve 3 into 1, the goal must be to stem 4, with 3 slot. Rotate 90 º to the valve stem 4 to open the valve. Will set the ball valve seat 2, then 26 sets of valve body connected to the stud 7, the enable valve 26, then insert the valve body 1, while insert the valve seat 2, then just 26 in the body. (13) with (12) method into the other side of the seat 2 and valve body 26 then. (14) Tighten the nut 8. (15) operation check valve opening and closing drive flexibility. (16) The air tightness test. (17) mounted on the pipeline by pipeline leak test requirements. 2.4 line maintenance of the overall decomposition ─ ─ ball, O-ring 21 and thrust washer 31 of the replacement. (1) Remove the ball by 2.3 to decompose. (2) by 2.2 to decompose. (3) Remove the valve stem 4, remove the thrust washer 31 and O-ring 21. (4) Check all parts to repair any damage and will clean all parts. (5) lubricate the sealing surface, the stem painted a thin layer of grease. (6) fitted with new O-ring 21 and thrust washer 31, mounted on the stem. (7) according to Section 2.2 for assembly. (8) according to Section 2.3 for assembly. (9) operation check valve opening and closing drive flexibility. (10) The air tightness test. (11) mounted on the pipeline by pipeline leak test requirements. 2.5 Tightness test 2.5.1 Remove the ball valve on the gas-tight test. (1) the valve is half open state.Gauge Valves The ball with both ends covered with a pipe flange joint sealing. (2) to the end of the introduction of test medium, test medium for the clean nitrogen or air. Plug the other end fittings. Gradually pressurized to 5.6bar close the intake valve to stop the intake. (3) several times after turning the ball valve closed (action-driven device) (4) Open the other end (not the introduction of test gas side) of the pipe connector plug so that the chamber pressure reduced to atmospheric pressure. (5) in the test pressure (5.6bar), the more than 5min period of time, the pressure inlet chamber shall not be decreased. Pressure gauge should be used in 0.4, range 10bar. (6) also check the connections with soapy water and filling parts of the flange parts of the external leakage, the growing bubble may not have occurred. (7) and then from the other end of the introduction of test medium, repeat the test. (8) after passing the test withcompressed air blowing soap residue. Remove both ends of the flange cover, remove both ends sealed valve sealing surface residue, if any residual into the valve hole, should be removed and cleaned. 2.5.2 On-line seal test (1) identifying the test valve, the lower cut-off valve is closed. (2) to be tested in a semi-ball valve open. (3) pipeline to be introduced before the test ball test medium, test medium for the clean pressurized nitrogen to 5.6bar gradually close the inlet valve to stop the intake. (4) several times after turning the Globe Valvesball valve closed (action-driven device). (5) Open the test valve was placed on the downstream pipe valve to valve exit chamber pressure is atmospheric pressure. (6) in the test pressure (5.6bar), more than 15min of time may not fall into the chamber pressure, the pressure gauge should be used as 0.4, range 10bar. (7) also check the connections with soapy water and filling parts of the flange parts of the external leakage, the growing bubble may not have occurred. (8) and then after the pipeline to be tested into test medium ball, repeat the test. (9) after passing the test with compressed air blowing soap residue.

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2010-09-02 08:52

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